Bharti, Meetu and Jha, P. and Singh, Ajay and Chauhan, A. K. and Misra, Shantanu and Yamazoe, Masato and Debnath, A. K. and Marumoto, Kazuhiro and Muthe, K. P. and Aswal, D. K. (2019) Scalable free-standing polypyrrole films for wrist-band type flexible thermoelectric power generator. Energy, 176. pp. 853-860. ISSN 0360-5442

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Abstract

Highly flexible free-standing polypyrrole films were prepared by the interfacial chemical polymerization of pyrrole (in cyclohexane) using aqueous FeCl3 as an oxidant and p-toluene sulphonic acid (PTSA) as a dopant. Morphological characterization revealed the granular morphology of the synthesized films and also suggested a reduction in their thickness with the increase in PTSA concentration. The increase of the doping content in these polypyrrole films, also resulted in the enhancement of electrical conductivity from 4.8 S/cm to 162.7 S/cm without much affecting the Seebeck coefficient similar to 4-8 mu V/K. The combined results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR) confirms the enhancement of doping content (N+/N content) i.e. formation of charge carriers such as polarons/ bipolarons with the increase in PTSA concentration. The synergetic combination of high electrical conductivity along with moderate Seebeck coefficient in the doped free-standing PPy films resulted in the highest average power factor of similar to 0.45 mu W/mK(2). A wrist-band type thermoelectric power generator was also designed by integrating seven number of free-standing PPy films to manifest their potential for practical thermoelectric applications. The fabricated device exhibited maximum open-circuit voltage and current respectively as 336 mu V and similar to 46 nA, for a temperature difference of 80 degrees C. The work reveals new avenues towards the development of wearable energy harvesting devices that can be possibly designed using free-standing PPy films.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	Copyright for this article belongs to M/s Elsevier.
Subjects:	Energy Fuels Thermodynamics
Divisions:	UNSPECIFIED
Depositing User:	Mr. Yogesh Joshi
Date Deposited:	19 Aug 2026 11:53
Last Modified:	19 Aug 2026 11:53
URI:	https://npl.csircentral.net/id/eprint/4449

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