Chauhan, Abhishek K. and Kumar, Pankaj (2017) Degradation in perovskite solar cells stored under different environmental conditions. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 50 (32). 325105-1-325105-11. ISSN 0022-3727

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Abstract

Investigations carried out on the degradation of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) stored in different open air environmental conditions are reported here. The solar cells were stored in the open in the dark inside the laboratory (relative humidity 47 +/- 5%, temperature 23 +/- 4 degrees C), under compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) illumination (irradiance 10 mW cm(2), relative humidity 47 +/- 5%, temperature 23 +/- 4 degrees C) and under natural sunlight outside the laboratory. In the outdoor storage situation the surrounding conditions varied from time to time and the environmental conditions during the day (irradiance 100 mW/cm(2), relative humidity similar to 18%, temperature similar to 45 degrees C at noon) were entirely different from those at night (irradiance 0 mW/cm(2), relative humidity similar to 66%, temperature similar to 16 degrees C at midnight). The photovoltaic parameters were measured from time to time inside the laboratory as per the International Summit on Organic Photovoltaic Stability (ISOS) protocols. All the photovoltaic parameters, such as short circuit current density (J(sc)), open circuit voltage (V-oc), fill factor (FF) and power conversion efficiency (PCE), of the solar cells stored outdoors decayed more rapidly than those stored under CFL or in the dark. The solar cells stored in the dark exhibited maximum stability. While the encapsulated solar cells stored outdoors were completely dead after about 560 h, the solar cells stored under CFL illumination retained > 60% of their initial efficiency even after 1100 h. However, the solar cells stored in the dark and tested up to similar to 1100 h did not show any degradation in PCE but on the contrary exhibited slight improvement, and this improvement was mainly because of improvement in their V-oc. Rapid degradation in the open air outside the laboratory under direct sunlight compared with the dark and CFL storage has been attributed to high temperature during the day, high humidity at night, high solar illumination intensity and the presence of ultra-violet and infra-red radiation in incident solar light. Under CFL storage the top Ag electrode decomposed and reacted with the active layer. The decomposition and reaction of Ag electrode was accelerated in the outdoor conditions under direct sunlight. These results suggest that Ag is a good electrode material for efficient PSCs but is not good for their long term stability.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	Copyright for this article belongs to M/s IOP Publishing.
Subjects:	Applied Physics/Condensed Matter
Divisions:	UNSPECIFIED
Depositing User:	Users 27 not found.
Date Deposited:	31 Aug 2018 06:03
Last Modified:	31 Aug 2018 06:03
URI:	http://npl.csircentral.net/id/eprint/2651

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